How to check power steering fluid

Power steering fluid is easy to take for granted—we steer, we go, we park… but without it, the wheel becomes heavy, taking almost all your strength to make a simple turn.

When it comes to the fluids of your car, it can be tempting to think “out of sight, out of mind”. However, having a general understanding of what power steering fluid is, why your car needs it and how to monitor its levels, is a great way to give yourself peace of mind on the road, and avoid an emergency visit to the mechanic for repairs.

Whether you are completely unfamiliar with your power steering system or are plugged into your car's mechanics, here’s a handy guide to all things power steering fluid and how to maintain it in your vehicle.

What is power steering fluid?

Power steering fluid is as important to your steering as oil is to your engine. It helps your car handle smoothly over twists and turns. The fluid lubricates the power steering system’s moving parts, ensuring the hoses, pistons, valves and pump all work efficiently. Without it, you’ll find your car’s steering may become tough to control, and in extreme cases, lock up entirely.

Where is power steering fluid located?

The reservoir for your power steering fluid is under the bonnet. It’s commonly white or yellow with a black lid and will likely say steering, power steering, or something similar on the cap.

What colour is power steering fluid?

Power steering fluid is either pink, red or clear. Over time it can become contaminated with dirt and debris, turning it a dark brown or black colour. This colouring is a sign it’s time for a fluid change.

If your power steering fluid looks milky or foamy, it means air is trapped in the fluid. This will require an immediate drain, replacement and bleeding.

When to change the power steering fluid

For some cars, it’s a good idea to change the power steering fluid around every five years or 100,000km, while other manufacturers don’t specify a timeframe. Always keep an eye on the colouring and get your power steering fluid checked regularly to ensure your steering is always smooth. The smell of the fluid can indicate it’s reached it’s thermal capacity and needs changing.

Does it matter what power steering fluid you use?

Yes, it does matter what power steering fluid you use, as adding the wrong kind of fluid can damage your car’s steering system.

Power steering fluid requirements vary between makes, models and years of cars. It’s best to check your owner's manual or ask a trusted mechanic. Many newer vehicles use synthetic fluid engineered for specific types of cars or steering systems, while others can use a form of automatic transmission fluid.

How to change power steering fluid

Before you attempt to change the power steering fluid yourself, it’s a good idea to have a basic know-how of the system. First, a high-pressure hose carries power steering fluid from the pump to the steering rack. Then a low-pressure hose returns the fluid back to the reservoir. This pressure cycle repeats while your engine runs and helps control your steering.

Flushing the steering fluid can be messy, so make sure you have lots of rags on hand. Having a mate around is also a good idea, as it’s easier to do as a two-person job.

1. Disconnect the low-pressure hose and feed the end into a bucket or pan – you might need to add a length of new hose to achieve this.

2. Have your helper start the engine and turn the steering wheel as far as it goes in both directions a few times. This will pump old fluid into the drain pan.

3. Add the new fluid before the power steering fluid reservoir runs empty. You don’t want air to enter the system.

4. Once the new fluid drains into the pan or bucket, you’re done! Time to turn off the engine and reconnect the hose.

How often do you change steering fluid?

Generally, this comes down to how much you drive. If you typically only take your car out on weekends, you won’t need to change the power steering fluid as often as a commuter car. The best way to know is to check fluid levels regularly and stay alert for any changes in your car's handling.

Don’t want to do it yourself? Drop in for a power steering fluid replacement

If attempting to flush your system yourself seems too daunting, or you’re worried about the cleanup, there’s a mycar power steering mechanic near you who can take this messy job off your hands. Even better, take up a mycar servicing plan, and we’ll keep an eye on your power steering for you, so you don’t need to worry about when it’s time for a change.

Next time you’re trying to fit into a tight parking spot or are negotiating a hairpin bend, spare a thought for your power steering fluid and the vital job it’s doing for you!